The Top 3 Dangers of Scuba Diving - 2
You can better understand how decompression sickness happens by doing an experiment involving seltzer water. If you hold an unopened bottle of seltzer water to the light, you will find that the contents look exactly like water. But if you shake it, you will notice bubbles quickly going to the surface. Wait until there are no more lingering bubbles before opening the bottle. A blast of gas will greet you. These are the bubbles and they will continue gurgling in the liquid for some time until all the gas is released. Now, for the experiment, your assignment is to open the bottle of seltzer water in such a way that no bubbles will form. Is it possible? Yes, by way of a valve in a special cap on the bottle. The valve can be turned just a bit to let some of the gas out before quickly shutting the valve to prevent more gas from escaping. If you do this numerous times for a period of time, then your assignment is possible. The seltzer water will go flat and no bubbles will form. Now, relate this to scuba diving. You are a bottle of seltzer water. If you go underwater and then come up to the surface too quickly, the effect is similar to opening a bottle of seltzer quickly. Bubbles will form in your blood and elsewhere, causing decompression sickness. However, if you dive and then come up slowly, that is like opening the valve just the slightest bit and doing so until you finally get to the surface. How does this happen? It’s an old story really about how high pressure always flows to low pressure. The bubbles in the seltzer water are high pressure air molecules and they are all raring to go up to the surface where the pressure is lower. In their excitement, they tend to stick together, forming one gigantic bubble big enough to take billions of molecules up to the surface at once. Imagine this happening inside your body. You are a scuba diver and after spending some time underwater, the molecules inside your body are pressurized. If you go up too quickly, the result can be unpleasant. On the other hand, if like turning the valve, you go slowly up, this will allow some of the molecules to escape without resorting to bubble formation and thus avoid decompression sickness. So remember this rule: Don’t go too fast up. |
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